Modifying a place to suit the existing use or a proposed use. It contains an array of strategies and measures that are available and appropriate for addressing adaptation needs. They include a wide range of actions that can be categorised as structural, institutional, or social. It is a rearrangement to original use with technical and social improvements for better use, for prolongation its life or for changing applicability.
Architectural style of space and building design, with dramatic lighting and colour, illusory effects such as trompe l’oeil, and designs that played games with architectural features, sometimes leaving them incomplete. Its buildings typically include central towers, domes, portico, or other central projections in the main façade; usually with use of many decorations. As Baroque architecture coincided with European colonialism, it is a style that can be seen throughout much of the world.
A formal statement of the rights of a country's people, or of an organisation or a particular social group, that is agreed by or demanded from a ruler or government. It is also a formal statement of the intentions, professional work and rights in a branch of the profession in part or in whole, prepared and confirmed by professional organisations and councils. Charters are well known and used statements also in cultural heritage. There are several known and in use in most of the countries worldwide, for example Athens charter (1931), Venice charter (1964), Burra charter (1979) etc.
Another means of defining norms, which are not subject to ratification. Like recommendations, they set forth universal principles to which the community of states wished to attribute the greatest possible authority and to afford the broadest possible support. The term is deliberately chosen to indicate that the parties do not intend to create binding obligations but merely want to declare certain aspirations, which are not always legally binding. In cultural heritage some of the declarations are The Florence declaration (2014), UNESCO Declaration concerning the Intentional Destruction of Cultural Heritage (2003) etc.
Or modern architecture, or modernist architecture was based upon new and innovative technologies of construction, particularly the use of glass, steel and reinforced concrete; the idea that form should follow function; an embrace of minimalism; and a rejection of ornament
Creating replicas of historic architectural or design features of a building, structure, or landscape in which one cannot decipher if it is historic or modern (for example concrete copy of the Parthenon in Nashville, USA). Also referred to as a false sense of history.
Highly variable style marked by symmetry and proportion based on the classical architecture of Greece and Rome, as revived in Renaissance architecture. In the United States the term “Georgian” is generally used to describe all buildings from the period, regardless of style; in Britain it is generally restricted to buildings that are “architectural in intention” and have stylistic characteristics that are typical of the period, though that covers a wide range.
Effect an approximation or coordination of different legal provisions or systems by eliminating major differences and creating minimum requirements or standards. Harmonisation can be seen as a step towards unification, and, in a way, harmonisation aims or strives towards unification. ... MORE >>
International Council on Monuments and Sites, Paris (Conseil International des Monuments et des sites).s a network of experts that benefits from the interdisciplinary exchange of its members, among which are architects, historians, archaeologists, art historians, geographers, anthropologists, engineers and town planners. Is a professional association that works for the conservation and protection of cultural heritage places around the world. Is composed of its national committees (NCs), to which individuals and institutions apply for membership. In addition to the national committees, ICOMOS has a series of international scientific committees (ISCs), in which experts in a certain field of activity within the context of heritage conservation exchange views and debate. It was founded in 1965 in Warsaw (Poland), its main seat is Paris (France).
All the visible features of an area of land. Exterior spaces that have been assigned cultural (including spiritual) meaning, or have been deliberately altered in the past for aesthetic, cultural, or functional reasons, such as a city park, a cemetery, or a backyard garden. Landscapes include land patterns, landforms, spatial organisation, and vegetation. They also include related circulation systems, water features, built features, and views or other visual relationships. > Architectural landscape, > Cultural landscape > Designed landscape. ... MORE >>
The continuous protective care of the object, contents or setting of a place. In technical terms maintenance consists of regular inspections of a monument or site and may involve small-scale treatments (e.g., surface cleaning, renewal of protective coatings, etc.). Preventative maintenance is a powerful tool to prevent decay and avoid large-scale conservation-restoration treatments. A suitable maintenance program implemented after the conservation treatment aims at preserving its improved conditions. These are routine, cyclical, non-destructive actions necessary to slow the deterioration of a historic place or building. ... MORE >>
A heritage site having a value that has been registered by a governmental unit as being of national importance to the cultural heritage or history of that country. Is a site of cultural heritage of national importance. National heritage sites can be physically found as an intersection of several nations, but in limited space, not covering all the states or ethnic areas. If the national heritage site is recognized as a part of a bigger area or several cultural entities with local characteristics for international importance, it can be included into the international heritage site. ... MORE >>
The state of being no longer needed because something newer or more efficient has been invented. The term in architectural point of view refers to structures that are being demolished for having outmoded mechanical systems or insufficient rentable place, or suddenly unappealing stylistic expression among other factors. ... MORE >>
An European style of architecture inspired by the designs of the Venetian architect Andrea Palladio. Palladian designs were based on the symmetry and perspective of the temples of the Ancient Greeks and Romans. It was characterised by the use of pediments and symmetry, and proportions that were based on mathematics rather than ornament. Palladian architecture is recognisable for its classical facades. ... MORE >>
A method to capture and get information relevant to understanding the physical configuration, evolution and condition of monuments, groups of buildings or sites, at known points of time, and the basis of decisions made to alter or care for them. ... MORE >>
Healing (in architecture returning to its original state). It is a measure, which renews the injured special parts of a building or area or their reduced functions into reference conditions or at least gets close to it. Most commonly word sanation is used when interfering into a building because of necessity, for example appliance of hydroisolation, sanation of the walls etc. ... MORE >>
Composed of the physical manifestations of culture produced, maintained, and transmitted within a society. Imbued with cultural significance. Tangible cultural heritage may refer to: places of human habitation – including buildings, villages, towns and cities, structures documents and archives, works of art, handicrafts, musical instruments, furniture, clothing, items of personal decoration; religious, ritual, and funerary objects; tools and mechanical equipment; and industrial systems. >Cultural heritage ... MORE >>
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation. Is a specialised agency of the United Nations (UN) aimed at promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences, and culture. It was founded in 1945. As a focal point for world culture and science, UNESCO's activities have broadened over the years; it assists in the translation and dissemination of world literature, helps establish and secure World Heritage Sites of cultural and natural importance, works to bridge the worldwide digital divide, and creates inclusive knowledge societies through information and communication. UNESCO has launched several initiatives and global movements, such as Education For All, to further advance its core objectives.
Principles or standards of behaviour; common, institutional, or individual judgement of what is important in work, culture, or life. Is the positive characteristics attributed to heritage places and objects by legislation, governing authorities, and/or other stakeholders. These characteristics are what make a site significant, and they are often the reason why society and authorities are interested in a specific cultural site or object. In general, groups within society expect benefits from the value they attribute to the resource. ... MORE >>
Landmark or area with legal protection by an international convention administered by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) for having cultural, historical, scientific or other forms of significance. There are three types of sites: cultural, natural, and mixed.