B letter
Baroque architecture (1600 - 1755)
Architectural style of space and building design, with dramatic lighting and colour, illusory effects such as trompe l’oeil, and designs that played games with architectural features, sometimes leaving them incomplete. Its buildings typically include central towers, domes, portico, or other central projections in the main façade; usually with use of many decorations. As Baroque architecture coincided with European colonialism, it is a style that can be seen throughout much of the world.
Bauhaus (1919 - 1933)
Architectural movement of sincerity as an architectural school with progressive political aims. Founded by Walter Gropius, the school eventually morphed into its own modern art movement characterised by its unique approach to architecture and design. Today, Bauhaus is renowned for both its unique aesthetic that inventively combines the fine arts with arts and crafts as well as its enduring influence on modern and contemporary art.
Brutalism (Brutalist architecture) (1951 – 1975)
Descended from the modernist architectural movement of the early 20th century. Considered both an ethic and aesthetic, utilitarian designs are dictated by function over form with raw construction materials and mundane functions left exposed. Reinforced concrete is the most commonly recognized building material of Brutalist architecture but other materials such as brick, glass, steel, and rough-hewn stone may also be used.
Byzantine architecture (330 AD - 1453)
Continuation of Roman architecture, but with influences from the Near East. Buildings increased in geometric complexity, the classical orders were used more freely, and the Greek cross plan was adopted in church architecture which often included complex dome structures supported by massive piers.
Buffer zone
Clearly delineated areas outside a Heritage property and adjacent to its boundaries which contribute to the protection, conservation, management, integrity, authenticity, and sustainability of the Outstanding Universal Value of the property. Where buffer zones are defined, they should be seen as an integral component of the State Party’s commitment to the protection, conservation, and management of the World Heritage property.
Building adaptability
The capacity of a building to be used for multiple uses and in multiple ways over the life of the building. For example, designing a building with movable walls/partitions allows for different users to change the space. Additionally, using sustainable design allows for a building to adapt to different environments and conditions.
Building conservation
The wise use and management of a building to prevent unwanted change, which can include unsympathetic or incompatible alteration, decay, destruction, misuse, or neglect. Architectural building conservation is the process by which individuals or groups attempt to protect valued buildings from unwanted change. Architectural building conservation also refers to issues of identification, policy, regulation, and advocacy associated with the entirety of the cultural and built environment. This broader scope recognizes that society has mechanisms to identify and value historic cultural resources, create laws to protect these resources, and develop policies and management plans for interpretation, protection, and education. Typically, this process operates as a specialised aspect of a society's planning system, and its practitioners are termed built or historic environment conservation professionals. >> Architectural conservation >> Conservation
Built environment
Architectural object in an environment as a collection of man-made structures and surfaces in the place. The term-built environment refers to the human-made surroundings that provide the setting for human activity, ranging in scale from buildings and parks or green space to neighbourhoods and cities that can often include their supporting infrastructure, such as water supply or energy networks. The built environment is a material, spatial, and cultural product of human labour that combines physical elements and energy in forms for living, working, and playing. It has been defined as “the human-made space in which people live, work, and recreate on a day-to-day basis”.